南京中山陵孙中山纪念馆迁址后将重新开放。 钟山风景区供图
据孙中山纪念馆副馆长鄢增华介绍,孙中山纪念馆原本位于南京中山陵以东的藏经楼(藏经楼为中山陵附属纪念性建筑之一,建于20世纪30年代,1987年藏经楼被改辟为孙中山纪念馆),其基本陈列《世纪伟人—孙中山生平史迹展》自2006年至今已有16年之久,在陈列内容、展示手段等方面均需进一步提升。“同时,纪念馆原来的地理位置偏僻,游客量少,建筑年代久远、亟需整修,海内外各界人士包括全国、省、市政协委员以及专家学者,都曾提出搬迁孙中山纪念馆的意见建议。”
“2021年8月,‘孙中山纪念馆搬迁及重新布展工程’获批复同意。根据方案,纪念馆由原来的藏经楼展馆,搬迁到现嘉麟楼展馆。”鄢增华告诉记者,嘉麟楼位于中山陵墓中轴线博爱坊东侧80米,总建筑面积4500平方米,地理位置优越。“当时预计,重新布展后,纪念馆展陈面积将由原藏经楼展馆550平方米(仅展出图片130余幅、文物藏品60余件)增至嘉麟楼展馆2700平方米,展线达480米,可以显著提升纪念馆自身软硬件设施条件。在展馆搬迁后,藏经楼也将作为孙中山纪念馆文物史料保管中心,继续发挥其中山陵附属纪念性建筑的文物展示与活化利用功能作用。”
迁址后的纪念馆馆址为嘉麟楼,位于中山陵墓中轴线博爱坊东侧80米,总建筑面积4500平方米。 钟山风景区供图据介绍,东南大学建筑学院周琦教授团队作为整个工程的建筑维护设计团队,遵循“最小干预、延续文脉”的原则,整合嘉麟楼原本较为松散的建筑体量成为一个完整的形体,与中山陵主体风格和色调保持相对统一,再通过对周围环境的改造提升,使嘉麟楼更加符合中山陵片区的建筑特点和风貌环境,实现了“质朴隽永、庄重典雅、馆陵一体”的效果。
“改陈后的孙中山纪念馆基本陈列名称仍为《世纪伟人—孙中山生平史迹展》,包括了六个部分。”孙中山纪念馆展览研究部卢立菊介绍,“新的展陈也吸收了学术界最新研究成果,共展出文物藏品164件(套),其中40多件为首次展出,展出图片305幅,使用场景、雕塑、艺术品、多媒体等表现形式32项,力求精益求精,较为全面、客观地反映孙中山先生爱国、革命、奋斗的一生。”
维护后的嘉麟楼更加符合中山陵片区的建筑特点和风貌环境,实现了“质朴隽永、庄重典雅、馆陵一体”的效果。 钟山风景区供图“展览布局注重以人为本,一方面,孙中山的‘原话’‘原声’‘原著’贯穿展览始终,时人及后人对他的评价穿插其中,让观众对孙中山这一历史人物看得见、记得住;另一方面,主展线与副展线互为补充,重大事件、重点内容重点设计、重点展示,让观众对孙中山的历史史迹和功绩印象更加深刻;此外,通过‘声’‘光’‘电’等展示手段,形成多处互动空间,让观众潜移默化中感受孙中山的革命精神和崇高品德。”卢立菊说。
中山陵园管理局负责人表示,下一步,要以孙中山纪念馆重新布展开放为新的起点,发挥好中山陵爱国主义教育示范基地和海峡两岸交流基地的功能与作用。(完)
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。 资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄 由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。 House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle. (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |